1. (a) down 1
(b) Ellie and Maggy names may be in either order 1
both names are required for the mark
do not accept ‘540 and 540’
this rules out the same person being used twice
(c) award the mark if only one of these correct 1
responses is given provided an incorrect response is not written in the other box
(d) any one from 1
· Rosie
· Jack
· Rosie or Jack
do not accept ‘490’
do not accept ‘510’
do not accept ‘490 or 510’
do not accept ‘Rosie and Jack’
[4]
2. (a) (i) ice skate accept ‘skate’ 1
(ii) Tom’s weight on the footwear
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
(b) any one from 1
· they do not sink in
they have a big surface accept ‘they are wide’ or ‘they are big’
accept ‘they spread out your weight’
do not accept ‘you won’t get your feet stuck in the snow’
accept ‘they reduce the pressure’
do not accept ‘they spread out your pressure’
(c) friction 1
[4]
3. (a) one mark is for the correct value and the other mark is for the corresponding unit
either
· 1500 accept ‘100 × 15’ 1
N cm or newton cm 1
or
· 15 accept ‘100 × 0.15’
N m or newton metre
(b) exert a larger force answers may be in either order 1
accept ‘use a bigger force’ or ‘push harder’do not accept ‘exert a larger pressure’
exert the force further away from the nut 1
accept ‘push down further from the nut’ or ‘exert the force further along the spanner’do not accept ‘use of a longer spanner’
[4]
4. (a) (i) 40 consequential marking applies 1
(ii) 1.6 accept answer (a) (i) ¸ 25 1
(b) 1.5 km/min accept ‘4 min = h’ or ‘0.067h’ 1
1.5 × 60 = 90 accept ‘6 ¸ = 90’ or ‘6 ¸ 0.067 = 90’ 1
award both marks for a correct answer even if no working is shown
[4]
5. (a) (i) they hit the front of the car accept 'the car has to push the air 1
molecules out of the way'accept 'air hits the front of the car'
(ii) any one from 1
· molecules or particles hit the car faster or harder
accept 'the car hits the air particles faster'
· more molecules or particles hit the car
accept 'the car has to push more air each second' or 'the pressure gets greater at the front of the car' or 'the pressure difference increases'
(b) (i) larger than the air resistance accept 'larger' or 'bigger' 1
(ii) the same as the air resistance accept 'the same' or 'equal' 1
(c) any one from 1
· it has to balance the air resistance
air resistance is larger accept 'more molecules hit the car' or
'molecules hit the car faster' or 'the car has to push more air each second'
(d) friction 1
[6]
6. (a) 500 1N cm accept ‘5 N m’ for both marks 1
(b) 125 consequential marking applies 1
accept answer to(a) ¸ 4 cm
(c) (i) 1500 1N/cm2 accept ‘15 000 000 N/m2’ for both marks 1
(ii) any one from 1• increase handle length • decrease distance from pivot to peg• reduce the area of the peg
accept ‘sharpen it’ or ‘make it a cylinder or hollow’
[6]
7. (a) 0.8 N cm or 0.008 N m units are required for the mark 1
(b) zero accept ‘nothing’ or ‘none’ disregard any 1 units
(c) it increases accept ‘it acts clockwise’ 1
(d) the arm would tip slightly and water would dribble out 1
accept ‘the bucket would not empty properly’or ‘it would tip too slowly’ do not accept ‘it would tip too soon or too late’
(e) some water would be lost while the arm was tipping 1
accept ‘the falling water exerts a force on the bucket’ or ‘some water would splash out of the funnel’
[5]
8. (a) 150 1
(b) there is nothing to balance the force of the string 1
accept ‘it is pushed by the string’ accept ‘there is a forward force acting on it’ accept ‘potential energy is converted to kinetic energy’ or ‘energy from the bow is transferred to the arrow’
(c) any one from 1
· because they are not in opposite directions
accept ‘because they are in different directions’ or ‘because they are at an angle to each other’ or ‘because they are not both horizontal’do not accept ‘because they are at an angle’
· because they do not act along the same line
accept ‘gravity pulls down and friction pushes across’
(d) any one from 1
· because the force is concentrated in a much smaller area
accept ‘because the area in contact is smaller’ or ‘because there is a smaller area’
· because pressure is force divided by area
[4]
9. (a) gravity or weight 1
(b) (i) 1
accept any straight line which goesthrough or below both points A and B and through or above both points C and Dthe line does not have to extend to an axis
(ii) 11.5 accept any answer from 10.0 to 13.0 1
[3]
10. (a) (i) C 1
(ii) B 1
(b) 20 1
(c) any one from 1· friction· air resistance or drag· reaction accept ‘upthrust’
do not accept ‘gravity’
[4]
11. (a) (i) any two from 2
· gravity or weight
· friction
reaction accept ‘upthrust’
air resistance accept ‘drag’
do not accept ‘centrifugal force’ or ‘centripetal force’ or ‘g- force’
(ii) any one from 1
· constant speed
· steady speed
it stays the same accept ‘it is the same’ or ‘it does not change’
(b) friction is less ‘it is smoother’ or ‘it is slippery’ are insufficient 1
(c) it increases accept ‘he goes more quickly’ 1because there is less air resistance or friction 1
accept ‘he is streamlined or aerodynamic’
[6]
12. (a) friction 1
(b) (i) any one from 1
· energy stored in the rubber band gets less
accept ‘the rubber band unwound’
· the tension in the rubber band decreased
· the force exerted by the rubber band gets less
accept ‘friction’
(ii) any one from 1
· give the band more turns accept ‘wind up the rubber band more’
twist the rubber band more accept ‘put it on a slope’
[3]
13. (a) (i) 1.44 accept ‘1.4’ or ‘1.44444’ 1
(ii) 0.024 consequential marking applies accept 1 the answer to (a) (i) ÷ 60
(b) (i) 240.7 s or 241 s unit is required 1 accept ‘4 minutes’
(ii) any one from 1
· it takes time to reach the maximum speed
· it slows down before the end
· it is not the average speed
[4]
14. (a) (i) it increases 1
(ii) any one from 1
· it should be moved to the left
· it should be moved away from the support
· it should be moved away from the pivot
· it should be moved outwards
accept ‘move it to the back’ or ‘move it back’
accept ‘increase it’
(b) (i) 40 000 1
Nm accept ‘mN’ 1
do not accept ‘Joules’ or ‘J’
(ii) 4 consequential marking applies 1
accept the numerical answer to part (i) ÷10 000
(iii) 3750 1
[6]
15. (a) 0.96 accept ‘0.06 × 16’ 1
Ncm accept ‘cmN’ 1
accept for both marks ‘0.0096 Nm’
do not accept lower case n for N
the mark for the unit may be given in (b) ( i) provided it is not contradicted in part ( a)
(b) (i) any one from 1
· 0. 96 Ncm
· the same as the carbon dioxide balloon
accept the same numerical answer given in (a) ( the unit is not required)
accept ‘the same’
(ii) 0.02 1
consequential marking applies
accept numerical answer to (b) (i)÷48
[4]
16. (a) they are equal accept ‘they are balanced’ 1
(b) (i) weight is greater than friction accept ‘they are not equal or balanced’ 1
(ii) it increases 1it decreases 1
(iii) it increases or it gets faster 1
[5]
17. (a) (i) 12.5 m/s accept ‘ m/s’ 1 accept ‘metres per second’ or ‘ms–1’ for m/s
the unit is required for the mark
do not accept ‘mps’
(ii) they are equal or the same accept ‘they are balanced’ 1
(b) the forward force is greater than accept the converse 1the backward force accept ‘the forward force is greater’ or ‘the backward force is smaller’
do not accept ‘the forward force becomes greater or increases’
any one from 1· because air resistance or drag is accept ‘less friction’ smaller or reduced· because there is a smaller surface area
‘she is more streamlined’ is insufficient as it is given in the question
[4]
18. (a) (i) 40 N/cm2 the unit is required for the mark 1
accept ‘400 000 Pa’
(ii) 200 N the unit of force is required for the 1 mark consequential marking applies
accept numerical answer to (a)(i) ×5 cm2
(b) (i) 200 N the unit is required for the mark 1
(ii) 1600 N the unit of force is required for the 1 mark consequential marking applies
accept numerical answer to (b) (i) × 8
[4]
19. (a) 180 seconds: the parachute opened 1360 seconds: she landed answers must be in the correct order 1
do not accept ‘her speed dropped’
(b) any one from 1
· the slope of the graph decreases or the curve gets less steep
· the graph begins to level out
the acceleration gets less accept ‘it curves between A and B’
(c) B and D letters may be in either order both 1 letters are required for the mark
(d) (i) any answer between 1000 m and 1350 m 1
the unit is required for the mark
(ii) because its speed takes time to reach 6 m/s 1
accept ‘because the speed is not constant’
· because it was slowing down at first
· because the speed is difficult to read
accept ‘because the speed may not be exactly 6 m/s’
accept ‘because the graph curves at the corner’
[6]
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